fplot3
Plot 3-D parametric curve
Syntax
Description
fplot3(
plots xt = x(t), yt = y(t),
and zt = z(t)
over the interval tmin < t < tmax.xt
,yt
,zt
,[tmin
tmax]
)
fplot3(___,
specifies
line properties using one or more Name,Value
)Name,Value
pair
arguments. Use this option with any of the input argument combinations
in the previous syntaxes. Name,Value
pair settings
apply to all the lines plotted. To set options for individual lines,
use the objects returned by fplot3
.
fplot3(
plots
into the axes object ax
,___)ax
instead of the current
axes gca
.
returns
a parameterized function line object. Use the object to query and
modify properties of a specific parameterized line. For details, see ParameterizedFunctionLine Properties.fp
= fplot3(___)
Examples
Plot 3-D Parametric Line
Plot the 3-D parametric line
over the default parameter range [-5 5]
.
syms t
xt = sin(t);
yt = cos(t);
zt = t;
fplot3(xt,yt,zt)
Specify Parameter Range
Plot the parametric line
over the parameter range [-10 10]
by specifying the fourth argument of fplot3
.
syms t
xt = exp(-t/10).*sin(5*t);
yt = exp(-t/10).*cos(5*t);
zt = t;
fplot3(xt,yt,zt,[-10 10])
Change Line Properties and Display Markers
Plot the same 3-D parametric curve three times over different intervals of the parameter. For the first curve, use a linewidth of 2
. For the second, specify a dashed red line style with circle markers. For the third, specify a cyan, dash-dot line style with asterisk markers.
syms t fplot3(sin(t), cos(t), t, [0 2*pi], 'LineWidth', 2) hold on fplot3(sin(t), cos(t), t, [2*pi 4*pi], '--or') fplot3(sin(t), cos(t), t, [4*pi 6*pi], '-.*c')
Plot 3-D Parametric Line Using Symbolic Functions
Plot the 3-D parametric line
syms x(t) y(t) z(t) x(t) = sin(t); y(t) = cos(t); z(t) = cos(2*t); fplot3(x,y,z)
Plot Multiple Lines on Same Figure
Plot multiple lines either by passing the inputs as a vector or by using hold on
to successively plot on the same figure. If you specify LineSpec
and Name-Value arguments, they apply to all lines. To set options for individual lines, use the function handles returned by fplot3
.
Divide a figure into two subplots using subplot
. On the first subplot, plot two parameterized lines using vector input. On the second subplot, plot the same lines using hold on
.
syms t subplot(2,1,1) fplot3([t -t], t, [t -t]) title('Multiple Lines Using Vector Inputs') subplot(2,1,2) fplot3(t, t, t) hold on fplot3(-t, t, -t) title('Multiple Lines Using Hold On Command') hold off
Modify 3-D Parametric Line After Creation
Plot the parametric line
Provide an output to make fplot
return the plot object.
syms t
xt = exp(-abs(t)/10).*sin(5*abs(t));
yt = exp(-abs(t)/10).*cos(5*abs(t));
zt = t;
fp = fplot3(xt,yt,zt)
fp = ParameterizedFunctionLine with properties: XFunction: exp(-abs(t)/10)*sin(5*abs(t)) YFunction: exp(-abs(t)/10)*cos(5*abs(t)) ZFunction: t Color: [0 0.4470 0.7410] LineStyle: '-' LineWidth: 0.5000 Use GET to show all properties
Change the range of parameter values to [-10 10]
and the line color to red by using the TRange
and Color
properties of fp
respectively.
fp.TRange = [-10 10];
fp.Color = 'r';
Add Title and Axis Labels and Format Ticks
For values in the range to , plot the parametric line
Add a title and axis labels. Create the x-axis ticks by spanning the x-axis limits at intervals of pi/2
. Display these ticks by using the XTick
property. Create x-axis labels by using arrayfun
to apply texlabel
to S
. Display these labels by using the XTickLabel
property. Repeat these steps for the y-axis.
To use LaTeX in plots, see latex
.
syms t xt = t; yt = t/2; zt = sin(6*t); fplot3(xt,yt,zt,[-2*pi 2*pi],'MeshDensity',30) view(52.5,30) xlabel('x') ylabel('y') title('x=t, y=t/2, z=sin(6t) for -2\pi < t < 2\pi') ax = gca; S = sym(ax.XLim(1):pi/2:ax.XLim(2)); ax.XTick = double(S); ax.XTickLabel = arrayfun(@texlabel, S, 'UniformOutput', false); S = sym(ax.YLim(1):pi/2:ax.YLim(2)); ax.YTick = double(S); ax.YTickLabel = arrayfun(@texlabel, S, 'UniformOutput', false);
Create Animation of Parametric Curve
Create an animation by changing the displayed expression using the XFunction
, YFunction
, and ZFunction
properties, and then use drawnow
to update the plot. To export to GIF, see imwrite
.
By varying the variable from to , animate the parametric curve
syms t fp = fplot3(t+sin(40*t),-t+cos(40*t), sin(t)); for i=0:pi/10:4*pi fp.ZFunction = sin(t+i); drawnow end
Input Arguments
xt
— Parametric input for x-axis
symbolic expression | symbolic function
Parametric input for x-axis, specified as a symbolic expression
or function. fplot3
uses symvar
to
find the parameter.
yt
— Parametric input for y-axis
symbolic expression | symbolic function
Parametric input for y-axis, specified as a symbolic expression
or function. fplot3
uses symvar
to
find the parameter.
zt
— Parametric input for z-axis
symbolic expression | symbolic function
Parametric input for z-axis, specified as a symbolic expression
or function. fplot3
uses symvar
to
find the parameter.
[tmin tmax]
— Range of values of parameter
[–5 5] (default) | vector of two numbers
Range of values of parameter, specified as a vector of two numbers.
The default range is [-5 5]
.
ax
— Axes object
axes object
Axes object. If you do not specify an axes object, then fplot3
uses
the current axes.
LineSpec
— Line style, marker, and color
string scalar | character vector
Line style, marker, and color, specified as a string scalar or character vector containing symbols. The symbols can appear in any order. You do not need to specify all three characteristics (line style, marker, and color). For example, if you omit the line style and specify the marker, then the plot shows only the marker and no line.
Example: "--or"
is a red dashed line with circle markers.
Line Style | Description | Resulting Line |
---|---|---|
"-" | Solid line |
|
"--" | Dashed line |
|
":" | Dotted line |
|
"-." | Dash-dotted line |
|
Marker | Description | Resulting Marker |
---|---|---|
"o" | Circle |
|
"+" | Plus sign |
|
"*" | Asterisk |
|
"." | Point |
|
"x" | Cross |
|
"_" | Horizontal line |
|
"|" | Vertical line |
|
"square" | Square |
|
"diamond" | Diamond |
|
"^" | Upward-pointing triangle |
|
"v" | Downward-pointing triangle |
|
">" | Right-pointing triangle |
|
"<" | Left-pointing triangle |
|
"pentagram" | Pentagram |
|
"hexagram" | Hexagram |
|
Color Name | Short Name | RGB Triplet | Appearance |
---|---|---|---|
"red" | "r" | [1 0 0] |
|
"green" | "g" | [0 1 0] |
|
"blue" | "b" | [0 0 1] |
|
"cyan"
| "c" | [0 1 1] |
|
"magenta" | "m" | [1 0 1] |
|
"yellow" | "y" | [1 1 0] |
|
"black" | "k" | [0 0 0] |
|
"white" | "w" | [1 1 1] |
|
Name-Value Arguments
Specify optional pairs of arguments as
Name1=Value1,...,NameN=ValueN
, where Name
is
the argument name and Value
is the corresponding value.
Name-value arguments must appear after other arguments, but the order of the
pairs does not matter.
Before R2021a, use commas to separate each name and value, and enclose
Name
in quotes.
Example: 'Marker','o','MarkerFaceColor','red'
The properties listed here are only a subset. For a complete list, see ParameterizedFunctionLine Properties.
MeshDensity
— Number of evaluation points
23 (default) | number
Number of evaluation points, specified as a number. The default
is 23
. Because fplot3
uses
adaptive evaluation, the actual number of evaluation points is greater.
Color
— Line color
[0 0.4470 0.7410]
(default) | RGB triplet | hexadecimal color code | "r"
| "g"
| "b"
| ...
Line color, specified as an RGB triplet, a hexadecimal color code, a color name, or a short name.
For a custom color, specify an RGB triplet or a hexadecimal color code.
An RGB triplet is a three-element row vector whose elements specify the intensities of the red, green, and blue components of the color. The intensities must be in the range
[0,1]
, for example,[0.4 0.6 0.7]
.A hexadecimal color code is a string scalar or character vector that starts with a hash symbol (
#
) followed by three or six hexadecimal digits, which can range from0
toF
. The values are not case sensitive. Therefore, the color codes"#FF8800"
,"#ff8800"
,"#F80"
, and"#f80"
are equivalent.
Alternatively, you can specify some common colors by name. This table lists the named color options, the equivalent RGB triplets, and hexadecimal color codes.
Color Name | Short Name | RGB Triplet | Hexadecimal Color Code | Appearance |
---|---|---|---|---|
"red" | "r" | [1 0 0] | "#FF0000" | |
"green" | "g" | [0 1 0] | "#00FF00" | |
"blue" | "b" | [0 0 1] | "#0000FF" | |
"cyan"
| "c" | [0 1 1] | "#00FFFF" | |
"magenta" | "m" | [1 0 1] | "#FF00FF" | |
"yellow" | "y" | [1 1 0] | "#FFFF00" | |
"black" | "k" | [0 0 0] | "#000000" | |
"white" | "w" | [1 1 1] | "#FFFFFF" |
Here are the RGB triplets and hexadecimal color codes for the default colors MATLAB® uses in many types of plots.
RGB Triplet | Hexadecimal Color Code | Appearance |
---|---|---|
[0 0.4470 0.7410] | "#0072BD" | |
[0.8500 0.3250 0.0980] | "#D95319" | |
[0.9290 0.6940 0.1250] | "#EDB120" | |
[0.4940 0.1840 0.5560] | "#7E2F8E" | |
[0.4660 0.6740 0.1880] | "#77AC30" | |
[0.3010 0.7450 0.9330] | "#4DBEEE" | |
[0.6350 0.0780 0.1840] | "#A2142F" |
Example: "blue"
Example: [0
0 1]
Example: "#0000FF"
LineStyle
— Line style
"-"
(default) | "--"
| ":"
| "-."
| "none"
Line style, specified as one of the options listed in this table.
Line Style | Description | Resulting Line |
---|---|---|
"-" | Solid line |
|
"--" | Dashed line |
|
":" | Dotted line |
|
"-." | Dash-dotted line |
|
"none" | No line | No line |
LineWidth
— Line width
0.5
(default) | positive value
Line width, specified as a positive value in points, where 1 point = 1/72 of an inch. If the line has markers, then the line width also affects the marker edges.
The line width cannot be thinner than the width of a pixel. If you set the line width to a value that is less than the width of a pixel on your system, the line displays as one pixel wide.
Marker
— Marker symbol
"none"
(default) | "o"
| "+"
| "*"
| "."
| ...
Marker symbol, specified as one of the values listed in this table. By default, the object does not display markers. Specifying a marker symbol adds markers at each data point or vertex.
Marker | Description | Resulting Marker |
---|---|---|
"o" | Circle |
|
"+" | Plus sign |
|
"*" | Asterisk |
|
"." | Point |
|
"x" | Cross |
|
"_" | Horizontal line |
|
"|" | Vertical line |
|
"square" | Square |
|
"diamond" | Diamond |
|
"^" | Upward-pointing triangle |
|
"v" | Downward-pointing triangle |
|
">" | Right-pointing triangle |
|
"<" | Left-pointing triangle |
|
"pentagram" | Pentagram |
|
"hexagram" | Hexagram |
|
"none" | No markers | Not applicable |
MarkerEdgeColor
— Marker outline color
"auto"
(default) | RGB triplet | hexadecimal color code | "r"
| "g"
| "b"
| ...
Marker outline color, specified as "auto"
, an RGB triplet, a
hexadecimal color code, a color name, or a short name. The default value of
"auto"
uses the same color as the Color
property.
For a custom color, specify an RGB triplet or a hexadecimal color code.
An RGB triplet is a three-element row vector whose elements specify the intensities of the red, green, and blue components of the color. The intensities must be in the range
[0,1]
, for example,[0.4 0.6 0.7]
.A hexadecimal color code is a string scalar or character vector that starts with a hash symbol (
#
) followed by three or six hexadecimal digits, which can range from0
toF
. The values are not case sensitive. Therefore, the color codes"#FF8800"
,"#ff8800"
,"#F80"
, and"#f80"
are equivalent.
Alternatively, you can specify some common colors by name. This table lists the named color options, the equivalent RGB triplets, and hexadecimal color codes.
Color Name | Short Name | RGB Triplet | Hexadecimal Color Code | Appearance |
---|---|---|---|---|
"red" | "r" | [1 0 0] | "#FF0000" | |
"green" | "g" | [0 1 0] | "#00FF00" | |
"blue" | "b" | [0 0 1] | "#0000FF" | |
"cyan"
| "c" | [0 1 1] | "#00FFFF" | |
"magenta" | "m" | [1 0 1] | "#FF00FF" | |
"yellow" | "y" | [1 1 0] | "#FFFF00" | |
"black" | "k" | [0 0 0] | "#000000" | |
"white" | "w" | [1 1 1] | "#FFFFFF" | |
"none" | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | No color |
Here are the RGB triplets and hexadecimal color codes for the default colors MATLAB uses in many types of plots.
RGB Triplet | Hexadecimal Color Code | Appearance |
---|---|---|
[0 0.4470 0.7410] | "#0072BD" | |
[0.8500 0.3250 0.0980] | "#D95319" | |
[0.9290 0.6940 0.1250] | "#EDB120" | |
[0.4940 0.1840 0.5560] | "#7E2F8E" | |
[0.4660 0.6740 0.1880] | "#77AC30" | |
[0.3010 0.7450 0.9330] | "#4DBEEE" | |
[0.6350 0.0780 0.1840] | "#A2142F" |
MarkerFaceColor
— Marker fill color
"none"
(default) | "auto"
| RGB triplet | hexadecimal color code | "r"
| "g"
| "b"
| ...
Marker fill color, specified as "auto"
, an RGB triplet, a hexadecimal color
code, a color name, or a short name. The "auto"
value uses the same
color as the MarkerEdgeColor
property.
For a custom color, specify an RGB triplet or a hexadecimal color code.
An RGB triplet is a three-element row vector whose elements specify the intensities of the red, green, and blue components of the color. The intensities must be in the range
[0,1]
, for example,[0.4 0.6 0.7]
.A hexadecimal color code is a string scalar or character vector that starts with a hash symbol (
#
) followed by three or six hexadecimal digits, which can range from0
toF
. The values are not case sensitive. Therefore, the color codes"#FF8800"
,"#ff8800"
,"#F80"
, and"#f80"
are equivalent.
Alternatively, you can specify some common colors by name. This table lists the named color options, the equivalent RGB triplets, and hexadecimal color codes.
Color Name | Short Name | RGB Triplet | Hexadecimal Color Code | Appearance |
---|---|---|---|---|
"red" | "r" | [1 0 0] | "#FF0000" | |
"green" | "g" | [0 1 0] | "#00FF00" | |
"blue" | "b" | [0 0 1] | "#0000FF" | |
"cyan"
| "c" | [0 1 1] | "#00FFFF" | |
"magenta" | "m" | [1 0 1] | "#FF00FF" | |
"yellow" | "y" | [1 1 0] | "#FFFF00" | |
"black" | "k" | [0 0 0] | "#000000" | |
"white" | "w" | [1 1 1] | "#FFFFFF" | |
"none" | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | No color |
Here are the RGB triplets and hexadecimal color codes for the default colors MATLAB uses in many types of plots.
RGB Triplet | Hexadecimal Color Code | Appearance |
---|---|---|
[0 0.4470 0.7410] | "#0072BD" | |
[0.8500 0.3250 0.0980] | "#D95319" | |
[0.9290 0.6940 0.1250] | "#EDB120" | |
[0.4940 0.1840 0.5560] | "#7E2F8E" | |
[0.4660 0.6740 0.1880] | "#77AC30" | |
[0.3010 0.7450 0.9330] | "#4DBEEE" | |
[0.6350 0.0780 0.1840] | "#A2142F" |
Example: [0.3 0.2 0.1]
Example: "green"
Example: "#D2F9A7"
MarkerSize
— Marker size
6
(default) | positive value
Marker size, specified as a positive value in points, where 1 point = 1/72 of an inch.
Output Arguments
fp
— One or more parameterized function line objects
scalar | vector
One or more parameterized line objects, returned as a scalar or a vector. You can use these objects to query and modify properties of a specific parameterized line. For details, see ParameterizedFunctionLine Properties.
Version History
Introduced in R2016a
MATLAB Command
You clicked a link that corresponds to this MATLAB command:
Run the command by entering it in the MATLAB Command Window. Web browsers do not support MATLAB commands.
Select a Web Site
Choose a web site to get translated content where available and see local events and offers. Based on your location, we recommend that you select: .
You can also select a web site from the following list:
How to Get Best Site Performance
Select the China site (in Chinese or English) for best site performance. Other MathWorks country sites are not optimized for visits from your location.
Americas
- América Latina (Español)
- Canada (English)
- United States (English)
Europe
- Belgium (English)
- Denmark (English)
- Deutschland (Deutsch)
- España (Español)
- Finland (English)
- France (Français)
- Ireland (English)
- Italia (Italiano)
- Luxembourg (English)
- Netherlands (English)
- Norway (English)
- Österreich (Deutsch)
- Portugal (English)
- Sweden (English)
- Switzerland
- United Kingdom (English)