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load flow gives -ve generation at slack bus please help

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Ahmed Sami
Ahmed Sami on 10 Nov 2019
Edited: Adao Catraio on 6 Dec 2023
Hello every one
can you help me finding the problem with that system
this is ieee 118 bus i formed it to make load flow with hadi saadat
But unfortuatly it gives -ve generation at slack bus, which affects the total load flow Results.
basemva = 100; accuracy = 0.01; accel = 1.8; maxiter = 10000;
% IEEE 118-BUS TEST SYSTEM (American Electric Power)
% Bus Bus Voltage Angle ---Load---- -------Generator----- Static Mvar
% No code Mag. Degree MW Mvar MW Mvar Qmin Qmax +Qc/-Ql
busdata = [
1 2 0.955 0 51 27 0 0 -5 15 0
2 0 1 0 20 9 0 0 0 0 0
3 0 1 0 39 10 0 0 0 0 0
4 2 0.998 0 39 12 0 0 -300 300 0
5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -40
6 2 0.99 0 52 22 0 0 -13 50 0
7 0 1 0 19 2 0 0 0 0 0
8 2 1.015 0 28 0 0 0 -300 300 0
9 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 2 1.05 0 0 0 450 0 -147 200 0
11 0 1 0 70 23 0 0 0 0 0
12 2 0.99 0 47 10 85 0 -35 120 0
13 0 1 0 34 16 0 0 0 0 0
14 0 1 0 14 1 0 0 0 0 0
15 2 0.97 0 90 30 0 0 -10 30 0
16 0 1 0 25 10 0 0 0 0 0
17 0 1 0 11 3 0 0 0 0 0
18 2 0.973 0 60 34 0 0 -16 50 0
19 2 0.963 0 45 25 0 0 -8 24 0
20 0 1 0 18 3 0 0 0 0 0
21 0 1 0 14 8 0 0 0 0 0
22 0 1 0 10 5 0 0 0 0 0
23 0 1 0 7 3 0 0 0 0 0
24 2 0.992 0 13 0 0 0 -300 300 0
25 2 1.05 0 0 0 220 0 -47 140 0
26 2 1.015 0 0 0 314 0 -1000 1000 0
27 2 0.968 0 71 13 0 0 -300 300 0
28 0 1 0 17 7 0 0 0 0 0
29 0 1 0 24 4 0 0 0 0 0
30 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
31 2 0.967 0 43 27 7 0 -300 300 0
32 2 0.964 0 59 23 0 0 -14 42 0
33 0 1 0 23 9 0 0 0 0 0
34 2 0.986 0 59 26 0 0 -8 24 14
35 0 1 0 33 9 0 0 0 0 0
36 2 0.98 0 31 17 0 0 -8 24 0
37 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -25
38 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
39 0 1 0 27 11 0 0 0 0 0
40 2 0.97 0 66 23 0 0 -300 300 0
41 0 1 0 37 10 0 0 0 0 0
42 2 0.985 0 96 23 0 0 -300 300 0
43 0 1 0 18 7 0 0 0 0 0
44 0 1 0 16 8 0 0 0 0 10
45 0 1 0 53 22 0 0 0 0 10
46 2 1.005 0 28 10 19 0 -100 100 10
47 0 1 0 34 0 0 0 0 0 0
48 0 1 0 20 11 0 0 0 0 15
49 2 1.025 0 87 30 204 0 -85 210 0
50 0 1 0 17 4 0 0 0 0 0
51 0 1 0 17 8 0 0 0 0 0
52 0 1 0 18 5 0 0 0 0 0
53 0 1 0 23 11 0 0 0 0 0
54 2 0.955 0 113 32 48 0 -300 300 0
55 2 0.952 0 63 22 0 0 -8 23 0
56 2 0.954 0 84 18 0 0 -8 15 0
57 0 1 0 12 3 0 0 0 0 0
58 0 1 0 12 3 0 0 0 0 0
59 2 0.985 0 277 113 155 0 -60 180 0
60 0 1 0 78 3 0 0 0 0 0
61 2 0.995 0 0 0 160 0 -100 300 0
62 2 0.998 0 77 14 0 0 -20 20 0
63 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
64 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
65 2 1.005 0 0 0 391 0 -67 200 0
66 2 1.05 0 39 18 392 0 -67 200 0
67 0 1 0 28 7 0 0 0 0 0
68 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
69 1 1.035 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
70 2 0.984 0 66 20 0 0 -10 32 0
71 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
72 2 0.98 0 12 0 0 0 -100 100 0
73 2 0.991 0 6 0 0 0 -100 100 0
74 2 0.958 0 68 27 0 0 -6 9 12
75 0 1 0 47 11 0 0 0 0 0
76 2 0.943 0 68 36 0 0 -8 23 0
77 2 1 0 61 28 0 0 -20 70 0
78 0 1.003 26.42 71 26 0 0 0 0 0
79 0 1 0 39 32 0 0 0 0 20
80 2 1.04 0 130 26 477 0 -165 280 0
81 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
82 0 1 0 54 27 0 0 0 0 20
83 0 1 0 20 10 0 0 0 0 10
84 0 1 0 11 7 0 0 0 0 0
85 2 0.985 0 24 15 0 0 -8 23 0
86 0 1 0 21 10 0 0 0 0 0
87 2 1.015 0 0 0 4 0 -100 1000 0
88 0 1 0 48 10 0 0 0 0 0
89 2 1.005 0 0 0 607 0 -210 300 0
90 2 0.985 0 163 42 0 0 -300 300 0
91 2 0.98 0 10 0 0 0 -100 100 0
92 2 0.993 0 65 10 0 0 -3 9 0
93 0 1 0 12 7 0 0 0 0 0
94 0 1 0 30 16 0 0 0 0 0
95 0 1 0 42 31 0 0 0 0 0
96 0 1 0 38 15 0 0 0 0 0
97 0 1 0 15 9 0 0 0 0 0
98 0 1 0 34 8 0 0 0 0 0
99 2 1.01 0 42 0 0 0 -100 100 0
100 2 1.017 0 37 18 252 0 -50 155 0
101 0 1 0 22 15 0 0 0 0 0
102 0 1 0 5 3 0 0 0 0 0
103 2 1.001 0 23 16 40 0 -15 40 0
104 2 0.971 0 38 25 0 0 -8 23 0
105 2 0.965 0 31 26 0 0 -8 23 20
106 0 1 0 43 16 0 0 0 0 0
107 2 0.952 17.53 50 12 0 0 -200 200 6
108 0 1 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0
109 0 1 0 8 3 0 0 0 0 0
110 2 0.973 0 39 30 0 0 -8 23 6
111 2 0.98 0 0 0 36 0 -100 1000 0
112 2 0.975 0 68 13 0 0 -100 1000 0
113 2 0.993 0 6 0 0 0 -100 200 0
114 0 1 0 8 3 0 0 0 0 0
115 0 1 0 22 7 0 0 0 0 0
116 2 1.005 0 184 0 0 0 -1000 1000 0
117 0 1 0 20 8 0 0 0 0 0
118 0 1 0 33 15 0 0 0 0 0
];
%% branch data
% fbus tbus r x b/2 ratio
linedata = [
1 2 0.0303 0.0999 0.0127 0
1 3 0.0129 0.0424 0.00541 0
4 5 0.00176 0.00798 0.00105 0
3 5 0.0241 0.108 0.0142 0
5 6 0.0119 0.054 0.00713 0
6 7 0.00459 0.0208 0.00275 0
8 9 0.00244 0.0305 0.581 0
8 5 0 0.0267 0 0.985
9 10 0.00258 0.0322 0.615 0
4 11 0.0209 0.0688 0.00874 0
5 11 0.0203 0.0682 0.00869 0
11 12 0.00595 0.0196 0.00251 0
2 12 0.0187 0.0616 0.00786 0
3 12 0.0484 0.16 0.0203 0
7 12 0.00862 0.034 0.00437 0
11 13 0.02225 0.0731 0.00938 0
12 14 0.0215 0.0707 0.00908 0
13 15 0.0744 0.2444 0.03134 0
14 15 0.0595 0.195 0.0251 0
12 16 0.0212 0.0834 0.0107 0
15 17 0.0132 0.0437 0.0222 0
16 17 0.0454 0.1801 0.0233 0
17 18 0.0123 0.0505 0.00649 0
18 19 0.01119 0.0493 0.00571 0
19 20 0.0252 0.117 0.0149 0
15 19 0.012 0.0394 0.00505 0
20 21 0.0183 0.0849 0.0108 0
21 22 0.0209 0.097 0.0123 0
22 23 0.0342 0.159 0.0202 0
23 24 0.0135 0.0492 0.0249 0
23 25 0.0156 0.08 0.0432 0
26 25 0 0.0382 0 0.96
25 27 0.0318 0.163 0.0882 0
27 28 0.01913 0.0855 0.0108 0
28 29 0.0237 0.0943 0.0119 0
30 17 0 0.0388 0 0.96
8 30 0.00431 0.0504 0.257 0
26 30 0.00799 0.086 0.454 0
17 31 0.0474 0.1563 0.01995 0
29 31 0.0108 0.0331 0.00415 0
23 32 0.0317 0.1153 0.05865 0
31 32 0.0298 0.0985 0.01255 0
27 32 0.0229 0.0755 0.00963 0
15 33 0.038 0.1244 0.01597 0
19 34 0.0752 0.247 0.0316 0
35 36 0.00224 0.0102 0.00134 0
35 37 0.011 0.0497 0.00659 0
33 37 0.0415 0.142 0.0183 0
34 36 0.00871 0.0268 0.00284 0
34 37 0.00256 0.0094 0.00492 0
38 37 0 0.0375 0 0.935
37 39 0.0321 0.106 0.0135 0
37 40 0.0593 0.168 0.021 0
30 38 0.00464 0.054 0.211 0
39 40 0.0184 0.0605 0.00776 0
40 41 0.0145 0.0487 0.00611 0
40 42 0.0555 0.183 0.0233 0
41 42 0.041 0.135 0.0172 0
43 44 0.0608 0.2454 0.03034 0
34 43 0.0413 0.1681 0.02113 0
44 45 0.0224 0.0901 0.0112 0
45 46 0.04 0.1356 0.0166 0
46 47 0.038 0.127 0.0158 0
46 48 0.0601 0.189 0.0236 0
47 49 0.0191 0.0625 0.00802 0
42 49 0.0715 0.323 0.043 0
42 49 0.0715 0.323 0.043 0
45 49 0.0684 0.186 0.0222 0
48 49 0.0179 0.0505 0.00629 0
49 50 0.0267 0.0752 0.00937 0
49 51 0.0486 0.137 0.0171 0
51 52 0.0203 0.0588 0.00698 0
52 53 0.0405 0.1635 0.02029 0
53 54 0.0263 0.122 0.0155 0
49 54 0.073 0.289 0.0369 0
49 54 0.0869 0.291 0.0365 0
54 55 0.0169 0.0707 0.0101 0
54 56 0.00275 0.00955 0.00366 0
55 56 0.00488 0.0151 0.00187 0
56 57 0.0343 0.0966 0.0121 0
50 57 0.0474 0.134 0.0166 0
56 58 0.0343 0.0966 0.0121 0
51 58 0.0255 0.0719 0.00894 0
54 59 0.0503 0.2293 0.0299 0
56 59 0.0825 0.251 0.02845 0
56 59 0.0803 0.239 0.0268 0
55 59 0.04739 0.2158 0.02823 0
59 60 0.0317 0.145 0.0188 0
59 61 0.0328 0.15 0.0194 0
60 61 0.00264 0.0135 0.00728 0
60 62 0.0123 0.0561 0.00734 0
61 62 0.00824 0.0376 0.0049 0
63 59 0 0.0386 0 0.96
63 64 0.00172 0.02 0.108 0
64 61 0 0.0268 0 0.985
38 65 0.00901 0.0986 0.523 0
64 65 0.00269 0.0302 0.19 0
49 66 0.018 0.0919 0.0124 0
49 66 0.018 0.0919 0.0124 0
62 66 0.0482 0.218 0.0289 0
62 67 0.0258 0.117 0.0155 0
65 66 0 0.037 0 0.935
66 67 0.0224 0.1015 0.01341 0
65 68 0.00138 0.016 0.319 0
47 69 0.0844 0.2778 0.03546 0
49 69 0.0985 0.324 0.0414 0
68 69 0 0.037 0 0.935
69 70 0.03 0.127 0.061 0
24 70 0.00221 0.4115 0.05099 0
70 71 0.00882 0.0355 0.00439 0
24 72 0.0488 0.196 0.0244 0
71 72 0.0446 0.18 0.02222 0
71 73 0.00866 0.0454 0.00589 0
70 74 0.0401 0.1323 0.01684 0
70 75 0.0428 0.141 0.018 0
69 75 0.0405 0.122 0.062 0
74 75 0.0123 0.0406 0.00517 0
76 77 0.0444 0.148 0.0184 0
69 77 0.0309 0.101 0.0519 0
75 77 0.0601 0.1999 0.02489 0
77 78 0.00376 0.0124 0.00632 0
78 79 0.00546 0.0244 0.00324 0
77 80 0.017 0.0485 0.0236 0
77 80 0.0294 0.105 0.0114 0
79 80 0.0156 0.0704 0.00935 0
68 81 0.00175 0.0202 0.404 0
81 80 0 0.037 0 0.935
77 82 0.0298 0.0853 0.04087 0
82 83 0.0112 0.03665 0.01898 0
83 84 0.0625 0.132 0.0129 0
83 85 0.043 0.148 0.0174 0
84 85 0.0302 0.0641 0.00617 0
85 86 0.035 0.123 0.0138 0
86 87 0.02828 0.2074 0.02225 0
85 88 0.02 0.102 0.0138 0
85 89 0.0239 0.173 0.0235 0
88 89 0.0139 0.0712 0.00967 0
89 90 0.0518 0.188 0.0264 0
89 90 0.0238 0.0997 0.053 0
90 91 0.0254 0.0836 0.0107 0
89 92 0.0099 0.0505 0.0274 0
89 92 0.0393 0.1581 0.0207 0
91 92 0.0387 0.1272 0.01634 0
92 93 0.0258 0.0848 0.0109 0
92 94 0.0481 0.158 0.0203 0
93 94 0.0223 0.0732 0.00938 0
94 95 0.0132 0.0434 0.00555 0
80 96 0.0356 0.182 0.0247 0
82 96 0.0162 0.053 0.0272 0
94 96 0.0269 0.0869 0.0115 0
80 97 0.0183 0.0934 0.0127 0
80 98 0.0238 0.108 0.0143 0
80 99 0.0454 0.206 0.0273 0
92 100 0.0648 0.295 0.0236 0
94 100 0.0178 0.058 0.0302 0
95 96 0.0171 0.0547 0.00737 0
96 97 0.0173 0.0885 0.012 0
98 100 0.0397 0.179 0.0238 0
99 100 0.018 0.0813 0.0108 0
100 101 0.0277 0.1262 0.0164 0
92 102 0.0123 0.0559 0.00732 0
101 102 0.0246 0.112 0.0147 0
100 103 0.016 0.0525 0.0268 0
100 104 0.0451 0.204 0.02705 0
103 104 0.0466 0.1584 0.02035 0
103 105 0.0535 0.1625 0.0204 0
100 106 0.0605 0.229 0.031 0
104 105 0.00994 0.0378 0.00493 0
105 106 0.014 0.0547 0.00717 0
105 107 0.053 0.183 0.0236 0
105 108 0.0261 0.0703 0.00922 0
106 107 0.053 0.183 0.0236 0
108 109 0.0105 0.0288 0.0038 0
103 110 0.03906 0.1813 0.02305 0
109 110 0.0278 0.0762 0.0101 0
110 111 0.022 0.0755 0.01 0
110 112 0.0247 0.064 0.031 0
17 113 0.00913 0.0301 0.00384 0
32 113 0.0615 0.203 0.0259 0
32 114 0.0135 0.0612 0.00814 0
27 115 0.0164 0.0741 0.00986 0
114 115 0.0023 0.0104 0.00138 0
68 116 0.00034 0.00405 0.082 0
12 117 0.0329 0.14 0.0179 0
75 118 0.0145 0.0481 0.00599 0
76 118 0.0164 0.0544 0.00678 0
];
lfybus ; % form the bus admittance matrix
Ybus;
lfnewton % Load flow solution by Gauss-Seidel method
busout ; % Prints the power flow solution on the screen
lineflow % Computes and displays the line flow and losses
% computes and displays the line flow and losses
  1 Comment
Mustafa Seedahmed
Mustafa Seedahmed on 16 Dec 2021
Thanks for sharing your code. I think you need to set up the tap ratio as 1 (for transmissionlines) not as zeros.

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Answers (2)

Mohamed Elseify
Mohamed Elseify on 25 Dec 2021
Hi dear Ahmed,
I think you should replace the angles at all buses to zero and you will have a +ve active power injection at the slack bus. I also compared your data with my own one and I found that both are similar except for a few changes at a few buses.
Adao Catraio
Adao Catraio on 6 Dec 2023
Edited: Adao Catraio on 6 Dec 2023
Good day,
How can limit the power generation at the slack bus so that it does not increase after running the simulation?
please help

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