bin2decimal(x) = binaryVect​orToDecima​l(double(b​inary_coef​ficients{1​, x})); on MATLAB R2009a shows an error. kindly suggest an alternative!

while trying to run the following code, i got the error in the above mentioned line. an alternative would be deeply appreciated.

if true
       %%Signature embedding algorithm
       function LL_inv = signature_embedding(LL, signature, print_figures)

         % 1. Using Haar wavelet, further decompose LL band to the 4th level.
         [LL_1, HL_1, LH_1, HH_1] = dwt2(LL, 'haar');    % 1st step DWT
         [LL_2, HL_2, LH_2, HH_2] = dwt2(LL_1, 'haar');  % 2nd step DWT
         [LL_3, HL_3, LH_3, HH_3] = dwt2(LL_2, 'haar');  % 3rd step DWT
         [LL_4, HL_4, LH_4, HH_4] = dwt2(LL_3, 'haar');  % 4rth step DWT

         if (print_figures == true)
             % Images coding.
             cod_cA = wcodemat(LL_4);
             cod_cH = wcodemat(HL_4);
             cod_cV = wcodemat(LH_4);
             cod_cD = wcodemat(HH_4);
             dec2dim = [cod_cA, cod_cH; cod_cV, cod_cD];

             % Plot 4-th step decomposition
             figure;
             image(dec2dim);
             title('4-th step DWT decomposition');

             clear('dec2dim', 'cod_cA', 'cod_cH', 'cod_cV', 'cod_cD');
         end

         % 1. choose all in total 512 coefficients from LL_4 & HH_4
         % reshape them to row vectors of size 1x256
         LL_4 = reshape(LL_4, 1, length(LL_4)^2);
         HH_4 = reshape(HH_4, 1, length(HH_4)^2);

         % concatenate the above row vectors into a larger row vector of size 1x512
         combined_LL4_and_HH4_coef = [LL_4 HH_4];

         % keep record of the index position of negatives to put back the sign in
         % inverse process
         negative_idxs = combined_LL4_and_HH4_coef(logical(combined_LL4_and_HH4_coef)) < 0;

         % keep only the positive integer parts
         % combined_LL4_and_HH4_coeff_posint = round( abs( combined_LL4_and_HH4_coef ) );

         % separate the integer from the decimal fraction
         combined_LL4_and_HH4_coeff_pos = abs(combined_LL4_and_HH4_coef);
         integer_part = fix(combined_LL4_and_HH4_coeff_pos);
         fraction_part = abs(combined_LL4_and_HH4_coeff_pos - integer_part);

         % Convert the integer part into the binary code of L=16 bits.
         binary_coefficients = {};
         for p = 1:length(integer_part)
             binary_coefficients{p} = bitget( uint16( integer_part(p) ), 16:-1:1 );
             %binary_coefficients{p} = decimalToBinaryVector(integer_part(p), 16);
         end

         % 2. Replace the n-th bit (10th bit) position of the coefficient with
         % signature bit
         for m = 1:length(signature)
             for n = 1:16
                 if (n == 10)
                     binary_coefficients{1, m}(n) = signature(m);
                 end
             end
         end
         % and then convert the binary code to its decimal representation
         bin2decimal = zeros(1, length(binary_coefficients));
         for x = 1:length(binary_coefficients)
             bin2decimal(x) = binaryVectorToDecimal(double(binary_coefficients{1, x}));
         end

         % reconstruct orignal array from integer and decimal fraction parts
         % cmb_coef = integer_part + fraction_part;
         bin2decimal = bin2decimal + fraction_part;

         % put back the negative signs
         bin2decimal(find(negative_idxs == 1)) = -bin2decimal(find(negative_idxs == 1));

         % Clear workspace
         clear('LL_1', 'LL_2', 'LL_3', 'LL_4', 'HH_4', 'combined_LL4_and_HH4_coef',...
             'negative_idxs', 'combined_LL4_and_HH4_coeff_pos', 'integer_part',...
    'fraction_part', 'binary_coefficients', 'signature');

         % reshape the modified LL_4 & HH_4 sub-bands to their original size 16x16
         % each
         LL_4_modified = bin2decimal(1:256);
         HH_4_modified = bin2decimal(257:end);
         LL_4_modified = reshape(LL_4_modified, 16, 16);
         HH_4_modified = reshape(HH_4_modified, 16, 16);

         % Clear workspace
          clear('bin2decimal');

         % 3. Apply the inverse DWT with modified LL4 and HH4 band coefficients.
         LL_3_inv = idwt2(LL_4_modified, HL_4, LH_4, HH_4_modified, 'haar');
         LL_2_inv = idwt2(LL_3_inv, HL_3, LH_3, HH_3, 'haar');
         LL_1_inv = idwt2(LL_2_inv, HL_2, LH_2, HH_2, 'haar');
         LL_inv   = idwt2(LL_1_inv, HL_1, LH_1, HH_1, 'haar');

         % Clear workspace
         clear('LL_1_inv', 'LL_2_inv', 'LL_3_inv', 'LL_4_modified', ...
             'HL_1', 'HL_2', 'HL_3', 'HL_4', ...
             'LH_1', 'LH_2', 'LH_3', 'LH_4', ...
             'HH_1', 'HH_2', 'HH_3', 'HH_4_modified');

         end
  end

Answer 1

[Walter Roberson]

bin2dec(vector + '0')

[chaitanya g p]

can you please explain with respect to the above code? the change led to another error as follows

??? Error using ==> bin2dec at 27 Input must be a string.

Error in ==> signature_embedding at 66 bin2decimal(x) = bin2dec(double(binary_coefficients{1, x})+'0');

[Walter Roberson]

bin2dec(char(vector + '0'))