How I can find index of element in array?

I know, that number, for example, 5, is an element in array X, but I don't know it's index. In Python, I can use:

X.index(5)

I realized this function, using for loop and if statement, but did Matlab doesn't have build-in similar function?

Answer 1

[James Tursa]

If you know the number exactly, then you can use:

result = find(X==5);

[Stephen23]

Often logical indexing is more efficient, so you might only need this:

idx = X==5;

[Scott MacKenzie]

Bear in mind that if the number occurs more than once in the vector, the result returned is a vector containing the indices of all occurrences. If you want the index of just the first occurrence of the number, insert 1 as the second argument in find:

>> x = [3 4 5 6 4 8]
x =
     3     4     5     6     4     8
     
>> result = find(x==4)
result =
     2     5

>> result = find(x==4, 1)
result =
     2

[Walter Roberson]

Henrik Wassertheurer comments to James Tursa

Doesn't answer the question

[Image Analyst]

Henrik, yes it does, as I understand the question. Why do you say it doesn't?

[Walter Roberson]

@Henrik Wassertheurer

What difficulty do you find with James' answer? He showed the find() function, which is the function defined to locate the places where a condition occurs.

If you need to have the exact question answered more clearly, "but did Matlab doesn't have build-in similar function?" then the answer to that is "NO, MATLAB does not have a built-in function in which you can provide only the array name and the value, and MATLAB will return all the indices of the value in the array."

Note: if you only need to know the first location, then you can also use

[~, result] = ismember(5, x)

result will be 0 if 5 is not present in x.

[Ehsan Partovi]

The function find() is useful as far as matrices (2-D tensors) are concerned. I cannot, however, find a useful function for nd-arrays where, for instance, the index could be an array on its own. See example below:

M = reshape(1:24, [2,3,4]);

indices = index_finder(M==20); % indices = vector of indices

It would be very useful if there was a function which worked for tensors of any dimensionality.