Blob Analysis

Statistics for labeled regions

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Libraries:
Computer Vision Toolbox / Statistics

Description

The Blob Analysis block calculates statistics for labeled regions in a binary image. The block returns quantities such as the centroid, bounding box, label matrix, and blob count. The Blob Analysis block supports input and output variable-size signals. You can also use the Selector (Simulink) block from Simulink^®, to select certain blobs based on their statistics.

For information on pixel and spatial coordinate system definitions, see Image Coordinate Systems and Coordinate Systems.

Examples

Find Statistics of Circular Blobs in Image

Find the centroid, perimeter, and bounding box coordinates of circular blobs in an image by using the Blob Analysis block. The model also outputs the label matrix for reference.

• Open Script

Ports

Input

BW — Binary image

vector | matrix

Binary image, specified as a vector or matrix

Data Types: Boolean

Output

Area — Number of pixels in labeled regions

vector

Number of pixels in labeled regions, returned as a vector.

Dependencies

To enable this port, select the Area parameter.

Data Types: int32

Centroid — Centroid coordinates

M-by-2 matrix

M-by-2 matrix of M number of blobs.

The rows represent the coordinates of the centroid of each region, and M represents the number of blobs.

For example, there are two blobs where the row and column coordinates of their centroids are x₁, y₁ and x₂, y₂. The block outputs:

$$\left[\begin{array}{cc}{x}_1& y_1\\ x_2& y_2\end{array}\right]$$

at the Centroid port.

Dependencies

To enable this port, select the Centroid parameter.

Data Types: double | single | fixed point

BBox — Bounding box coordinates

M-by-4 matrix

Bounding box coordinates, returned as an M-by-4 matrix of M bounding boxes for blobs. Each row of the matrix defines a bounding box as a four-element vector [x,y,width,height] in pixel coordinates. The rows represent the coordinates of each bounding box, where M represents the number of blobs.

For example, there are two blobs, where x and y define the location of the upper-left corner of the bounding box, and w and h define the width and height of the bounding box. The block outputs

$$\left[\begin{array}{cccc}{x}_1& y_1& w_1& h_1\\ x_2& y_2& w_2& h_2\end{array}\right]$$

at the BBox port.

Dependencies

To enable this port, select the Bounding Box parameter.

Parameters

Main Tab

Area — Number of pixels in labeled regions

vector

Number of pixels in labeled regions, returned as a vector.

Dependencies

To enable this port, select the Area parameter.

Centroid — Centroid coordinates

M-by-2 matrix

M-by-2 matrix of M number of blobs.

The rows represent the coordinates of the centroid of each region, and M represents the number of blobs.

For example, there are two blobs where the row and column coordinates of their centroids are x₁, y₁ and x₂, y₂. The block outputs:

$$\left[\begin{array}{cc}{x}_1& y_1\\ x_2& y_2\end{array}\right]$$

at the Centroid port.

Dependencies

To enable this port, select the Centroid parameter.

BBox — Bounding box coordinates

M-by-4 matrix

Bounding box coordinates, returned as an M-by-4 matrix of M bounding boxes for blobs. Each row of the matrix defines a bounding box as a four-element vector [x,y,width,height] in pixel coordinates. The rows represent the coordinates of each bounding box, where M represents the number of blobs.

For example, there are two blobs, where x and y define the location of the upper-left corner of the bounding box, and w and h define the width and height of the bounding box. The block outputs

$$\left[\begin{array}{cccc}{x}_1& y_1& w_1& h_1\\ x_2& y_2& w_2& h_2\end{array}\right]$$

at the BBox port.

Dependencies

To enable this port, select the Bounding Box parameter.

Major axis length — Length of major axis of ellipses

off (default) | on

Enables the Major axis length port. Select this check box to output a vector that

• Represents the lengths of the major axes of ellipses

• Has the same normalized second central moments as the labeled regions

Minor axis length — Length of minor axis of ellipses

off (default) | on

Enables the Minor axis length port. Select this check box to output a vector that

• Represents the lengths of the minor axes of ellipses

• Has the same normalized second central moments as the labeled regions

Orientation — Orientation

off (default) | on

Enables the Orientation port.

Select this check box to output a vector that represents the angles between the major axes of the ellipses and the x-axis. The angle values are in radians and range between: $$-\frac{\pi }{2}$$ and $$\frac{\pi }{2}$$ inclusive.

Eccentricity — Eccentricity

off (default) | on

Enables the Eccentricity port. Select this check box to output a vector that represents the eccentricities of ellipses that have the same second moments as the region.

Equivalent diameter squared — Equivalent diameter squared

off (default) | on

Enables the Equivalent diameter squared port. Select this check box to output a vector that represents the equivalent diameters squared.

Extent — Extent

off (default) | on

Enables the Extent port. Select this check box to output a vector that represents the results of dividing the areas of the blobs by the area of their bounding boxes.

Perimeter — Perimeter length

off (default) | on

Enables the Perimeter port. Select this check box to output an N-by-1 vector of the perimeter lengths, in pixels, of each blob, where N is the number of blobs.

Statistics output data type — Output data type

double (default) | single | specify via Data Types tab

Specify the data type of the outputs as double, single, or Specify via Data Types tab.

Connectivity — Number of labeled regions

8 (default) | 4

Specify the number of labeled regions in each image.

Define which pixels connect to each other. If you want to connect pixels located on the top, bottom, left, and right, select 4. If you want to connect pixels to other pixels on the top, bottom, left, right, and diagonally, select 8. For more information about this parameter, see the Label block.

The Connectivity parameter also affects how the block calculates the perimeter of a blob. For example, this figure illustrates how the block calculates the perimeter when you set the Connectivity parameter to 4.

The block calculates the distance between the center of each pixel (marked by the black dots) and estimates the perimeter to be 22.

The next figure illustrates how the block calculates the perimeter of a blob when you set the Connectivity parameter to 8.

The block takes a different path around the blob and estimates the perimeter to be $$18+2\sqrt{2}$$.

Output label matrix — Output label matrix

off (default) | on

Enable the Label port. Select this check box to output the label matrix. The pixels equal to 0 represent the background. The pixels equal to 1 represent the first object. The pixels equal to 2 represent the second object, and so on.

Blob Properties Tab

Maximum number of blobs — Maximum number of blobs

scalar

Specify the maximum number of labeled regions in each input image. The block uses this value to preallocate vectors and matrices to ensure that they are long enough to hold the statistical values. The maximum number of blobs the block outputs depends on both the value of this parameter and the size of the input image. The number of blobs the block outputs may be limited by the input image size.

Warn if maximum number of blobs is exceeded — Warn if maximum number of blobs is exceeded

on (default) | off

Select this parameter to warn if maximum number of blobs is exceeded.

Output actual number of blobs — Number of blobs

off (default) | on

Enable the Count port. Select this parameter to output a scalar value that represents the actual number of connected regions in each image.

Specify minimum blob area in pixels — Minimum blob area in pixels

0 (default) | scalar

Select this parameter to specify the minimum blob area in pixels. The blob is labeled if the number of pixels meets the minimum size specified.

Tunable: Yes

Specify maximum blob area in pixels — Maximum blob area in pixels

intmax('uint32') (default) | scalar

Select this parameter to specify the maximum blob area in pixels. The blob is labeled if the number of pixels meets the maximum size specified. The maximum allowable value is the maximum of the uint32 data type.

Tunable: Yes

Exclude blobs touching image border — Exclude blobs touching image border

off (default) | on

Specify this parameter to exclude a labeled blob that contains at least one border pixel.

Output blob statistics as a variable size signal — Output blob statistics as a variable size signal

off (default) | on

Specify this parameter to output blob statistics as a variable-size signal.

Fill empty spaces in output — Fill empty spaces in output

off (default) | on

Specify this parameter to fill empty spaces in the statistical vectors with the values you specify in the Fill values parameter.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, clear the Output blob statistics as a variable size signal parameter.

Fill values — Scalar used to fill empty spaces in output

-1 (default) | scalar | vector

Specify a scalar value to fill all the empty spaces in the statistical vectors. If you enter a vector, it must have the same length as the number of selected statistics. The block uses each vector element to fill a different statistics vector. If the empty spaces do not affect your computation, you can clear the Fill empty spaces in outputs parameter.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, clear the Output blob statistics as a variable size signal parameter.

Data Types Tab

To enable option on the Data Types tab, in the Main tab, set the Statistics output data type parameter to Specify via Data Types tab. For details on the fixed-point block parameters, see Specify Fixed-Point Attributes for Blocks (DSP System Toolbox).

Block Characteristics

Data Types	Booleana | doubleb | fixed pointbc | integerb | singleb
Multidimensional Signals	no
Variable-Size Signals	yes
a Generated code will be restricted to MATLAB host computers when you set the FFT implementation parameter to FFTW, or when the transform length is not a power of two. b This data type is supported at the output port(s). c Fixed-point data types are not supported at the Major Axis, Minor Axis, Orientation, and Eccentricity output ports.

Extended Capabilities

C/C++ Code Generation
Generate C and C++ code using Simulink® Coder™.

Fixed-Point Conversion
Design and simulate fixed-point systems using Fixed-Point Designer™.

Version History

Introduced before R2006a